The compound methyl butanoate smells like apples. Its percent composition is 58.8% C, 9.8% H, and 31.4% O, and its molar mass is 102 g/mol. Calculate the empirical and molecular formulas for this compound.

Question

19-01-2017
Chemistry

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The compound methyl butanoate smells like apples. Its percent composition is 58.8% C, 9.8% H, and 31.4% O, and its molar mass is 102 g/mol. Calculate the empirical and molecular formulas for this compound.

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taskmasters taskmasters · Answer 1 · 2017-01-27T19:19:26+01:00

Let our basis for the calculation be 1 mol of the substance.
(1 mol)(102 g/mol) = 102 g
Determine the amount of C, H, and O in mole.
C = (102 g)(0.588)(1 mol/12 g) = 4.998 mols C
H = (102 g)(0.098)(1 mol/1 g) = 9.996 mols H
O = (102 g)(0.314)(1 mol/16 g) = 2 mols O

The empirical formula of the substance is C5H10O2. The molar mass of the empirical formula is 102. This means that this is also its molecular formula.